English
Arabic
Russian
Spanish
French
German
Portuguese
Malay
Thai
Vietnamese
Italian
Polish
Safety Operation Procedures for Ordinary Lathes: The Key Guide to Ensuring Production Safety
In the field of mechanical processing, ordinary lathes are commonly used and important equipment. However, if the correct safety procedures are not followed during the operation of ordinary lathes, safety accidents are likely to occur, posing a serious threat to the lives of operators and the equipment. Therefore, it is crucial to strictly abide by the safety operation procedures for ordinary lathes.
I. Pre - operation Preparation
- Equipment Inspection: Carefully check the lathe and its guideways to ensure that there are no sundries placed on them. Examine the lubrication condition of the lathe to ensure that components such as the lead screw and the feed rod are well - lubricated. All fasteners should be firm and reliable, the safety devices should be intact, and the grounding should be normal.
- Personal Protection: Operators must correctly wear safety helmets, labor - protection shoes, work clothes, and safety goggles and other labor - protection supplies. The hems and sleeves of the work clothes should be fully fastened. Female workers should coil their long hair inside the safety helmet to prevent clothes and hair from being entangled by the equipment.
II. Key Points during Operation
- Workpiece and Tool Clamping: After the workpiece is firmly clamped, be sure to remove the chuck and tool post keys before starting the machine. The workpiece should be clamped firmly and reliably. It is strictly prohibited to correct or adjust the workpiece on the center or the lathe track. After tapping the workpiece on the chuck, it needs to be re - fixed. When installing the tool, the extended part of the tool head should not exceed 1.5 times the height of the tool body. The shape and size of the shim under the tool should be the same as that of the tool body, and it should be as few and flat as possible.
- Startup and Operation: After starting the machine tool, let it run idle for 1 minute. After confirming that there are no abnormalities or strange noises, start the operation. For workpieces over 2 tons, use a lifting belt with an appropriate load - bearing capacity and in good condition. When hoisting and placing the workpiece on the rack, keep the shaft material balanced, and the inclination angle should not exceed 10 degrees. Otherwise, adjust it in time. When using the tailstock, lock the tailstock.
- Operation Specifications: During the operation, it is prohibited to brake or correct the workpiece by reversing the motor. It is also prohibited to directly switch the operation handle between forward and reverse. Gloves are not allowed to be worn during machine operation to prevent accidents. Always pay attention to whether the running sound of the machine tool is normal. Observe whether the temperatures of the three boxes of the machine tool, the motor temperature, and the temperatures of the electrical components are within the normal range. If there are any abnormalities, stop the machine immediately for inspection. It is prohibited to shift gears during motion. Shifting gears should be done after the machine stops and the inertia disappears before moving the shift handle. When threading, the spindle speed must be set to the lowest gear.
- Other Precautions: During operation, hands and the body should not be close to the chuck and the dial, and a certain distance should be maintained. Measuring the workpiece should be done after stopping the machine and moving the tool post to a safe position. When using sandpaper to polish the workpiece surface, move the tool to a safe position. Pay attention not to let hands and clothes touch the workpiece surface. When polishing the inner hole, hold the sandpaper with a wooden stick, and the vehicle speed should not be too fast. The strip - shaped chips and spiral - shaped long chips generated during cutting should be removed in time with a hook. Pulling them by hand is strictly prohibited. After the lathe is started, follow the "Four No - Nos": no changing the spindle speed and feed rate during operation; for beginners, when the longitudinal and transverse automatic feed is in use, hands should not leave the automatic handle; when the longitudinal automatic feed is in use, when moving to the left, the tool post should not be too close to the chuck, and when moving to the right, the tool post should not be close to the tailstock; after the machine is started, people should not leave the machine tool.
III. Post - operation Cleaning
After the operation is completed, turn off the power of the machine tool, clean up the iron chips, clean the work site, wipe the guideways, and keep the lathe clean. Sort out tools, measuring tools, materials, etc., and do a good job in equipment cleaning and daily equipment maintenance.
Only by strictly abiding by the safety operation procedures for ordinary lathes can accidents be effectively prevented, the smooth progress of production be ensured, and the safety of operators and the normal operation of equipment be guaranteed. Every person involved in the operation of ordinary lathes should keep these procedures in mind and implement them in every operation detail.
